PRESENT AORIST TENSE

PRESENT AORIST TENSE

DEFINITION:-

                         Such verb, which depicts Permission, Possibility, purpose or wish of the subject in current or future time that is called present aorist tense.

NOTE:- (1)

                   This tense shows permission, possibility, wish or purpose of subject in present or future time.
EXAMPLES:-

(1)            PERMISSION:-

(i)                          He may say.

(ii)                       Akram may go.

(iii)                    You may sit here.

(2)             POSSIBILITY:-

(i)                          It may snow in Quetta.

(ii)                       She may drink juice.

(iii)                    I may come to you today.

(3)            PURPOSE:-

(i)                          I come to you so that you may become happy.

(ii)                       Anwar goes to hotel so that he may take tea.

(iii)                    We work hard so that we may brighten our future.

(4)            WISH

(i)                          May you get first position in Sindh!

(ii)                       May God bless you with three wives!

(iii)                    May you succeed in you mission!

NOTE :- (2)

“May” is it’s helping verb, which is followed by all the subject.

NOTE : (3)

                   First form of the verb is used in this tense.

FORMATION:-

SUBJECT	H . VERB	M .VERB “i”	OBJECT
You	May	use	my pen.
He	May	go	to Karachi.
They	May	play	cricket.

 = You may use my pen.

= He may go to Karachi.

= They may play cricket.

CONJUGATION:-

I may sing a sweet song.

We may sing a sweet song.

You may sing a sweet song.

He may sing a sweet song.

She may sing a sweet song.

It may sing a sweet song.

They may sing a sweet song.

ASSERTIVE

(1)            Sadia may say.

(2)            You may have tea.

INTERROGATIVE

(1)            May Sadia say?

(2)            May you have tea?

NEGATIVE

(1)            Sadia may not say.

(2)            You may not have tea.

INT &  NEG

(1)            May Sadia not say?

(2)            May you not have tea?

MODEL SENTENCES

(1)            I write too much so that I may improve may writing.

(2)            You may use my papers.

(3)            May I read this news-paper?

(4)            Akram may get admission in the university.

(5)            May you fall from the top of the mountain.

(6)            One of you may talk.

(7)            May I  come in sir?

(8)            It may rain tomorrow.

(9)            May God break you thirty two (32)!

(10)      You may drive slow.

(11)      May you success in your mission!

(12)      You may discuss me.

(13)      He may get-up.

(14)      You may speed the car.

(15)      You may stay at my home.

PRESENT POTENTIAL TENSE

PRESENT POTENTIAL TENSE

DEFINITION:-

                        Such verb, which shows the complete “power” or “strength” of the subject in doing some work in present time that is called present potential tense.

NOTE :- (1)

                   This tense shows the complete power or strength of the subject in doing some work.

EXAMPLE:-

(i)                          We can shake this tree.

(ii)                       Akram can read a dawn news-paper.

(iii)                    I can play cricket.

NOTE :- (2)

                  “Can” is it’s helping verb which is followed by all the subjects.

NOTE :- (3)

                  First form of the verb is used in this tense.

FORMATION :-

SUBJECT	H. VERB	M.VERB “i”	OBJECT
Shehnela	can	under stand	this problem
He	can	labour	under a delusion

= Shehnela can under-stand this problem.

= He can labour under a delusion.

CONJUGATION

I can feel.

We can feel.

You can feel.

He can  feel.

She can feel.

It can feel.

They can feel.

REMEMBER :-

                         “Can” is also used for permission, ability power, authority, offer and polite request.

EXAMPLES :-

(1)            ABILITY

(i)                          Anwar can speak english.

(ii)                       Safia can sing sweet songs.

(iii)                    Ashraf can solve difficult sums.

EXAMPLES :-

(2)            POWER

(i)                          I can box him down.

(ii)                       Saira can take this cot.

(iii)                    An elephant can move the truck.

EXAMPLES :-

(3)            AUTHORITY

(i)                          Your teacher can punish you.

(ii)                       The director can appoint you.

(iii)                    Your officer can dismissed you from service.

EXAMPLES :-

(4)            OFFER

(i)                          You can see me at any time.

(ii)                       This institute can provide you handsome salary.

(iii)                    You can use my motor bike, until you buy your own.

EXAMPLES :-

(5)            POLITE REQUEST

(i)                          Can, you move a bit, please?

(ii)                       Can you sacrifice me please?

(iii)                    Could, you pay attention to me, please?

ASSERTIVE

(1)            You can see me.

(2)            I can depend upon him.

(3)            He can arrange my birthday party.

INTERROGATIVE

(1)            Can you see me?

(2)            Can I depend upon him?

(3)            Can he arrange my birthday party?

NEGATIVE

(1)            You can not see me.

(2)            I can not depend upon him.

(3)            He can not arrange my birthday poarty.

INT & NEG

(1)            Can you not see me?

(2)            Can I not depend upon him?

(3)            Can he not arrange my birthday party?

MODEL SENTENCES

(1)            You can sit on the desk.

(2)            Can you buy a new bike?

(3)            At what time can you see me?

(4)            He can improve his profession.

(5)            I can’t meet to you.

(6)            Police can arrest you.

(7)            I can’t give you my new car.

(8)            What can you about me?

(9)            His friends can come tomorrow.

(10)      I can help you.

PRESENT DUBIOUS TENSE

PRESENT DUBIOUS TENSE

DEFINITION:-

                        Such verb, which denotes that the subject does some work in dubitative condition in present time that is called present dubious tense.

NOTE:- (1)

                  This tense shows the dubitative condition of the subject in doing some work.

                      i.               Sadia may be studying in the room.

                   ii.               Akram may be flying a kite on the roof.

NOTE:- (2)

                 “May be” and “might be” are the helping verbs to this tense.

NOTE:- (3)

                  Ing form of the verb is used in this tense.

NOTE:- (4)

                  For emphatic sentences “is used in the place of may be and might be.

FORMATION:-

SUBJECT	H. VERB	M. VERB	ING	OBJECT
Faiza	may be	do	ing	needle-work
Doctor	may be	inject	ing	the patient

= Faiza may be ding needle work.

= Doctor may be injecting the patient.

CONJUGATION

I may be / might be sleeping.

We may be sleeping.

You may be sleeping.

He may be sleeping.

She may be sleeping.

It may be sleeping.

They may be sleeping.

ASSERTIVE

(1)            He may be plucking flowers from garden.

(2)            They may be lying.

(3)            You may be smoking.

INTERROGATIVE

(1)            May he be plucking  flowers from garden?

(2)            May they be lying?

(3)            May you be smoking?

NEGATIVE

(1)            He may not be plucking flowers from garden.

(2)            They may not be lying.

(3)            You may not be smoking.

INT & NEG

(1)            May he not be plucking flowers from garden?

(2)            May they not be lying?

(3)            May you not be smoking?

EMPHATIC

(1)            He must be plucking flowers from garden.

(2)            They must be lying.

(3)            You must be smoking.

MODEL SENTENCES

(1)            You may be dreaming it dear.

(2)            The carpenter may be making a table.

(3)            He may be studying at home.

(4)            Safdar must be copying.

(5)            May they not be stealing?

(6)            Kalssom may be liking an orange colour.

(7)            The dog may be barking at the thives.

(8)            You must be shaking my chair.

(9)            The teacher may not be taking class.

(10)      Iqra may be kneading flour.

(11)      He may be stealing my pen.

(12)      She may be cooking meal.

(13)      They may be watching tv.

(14)      Aslam may be climbing on the tree.

(15)      We may be cleaning our hands.

(16)      Najma may be sweeping in the room.

(17)      You may me inviting us.

(18)      Boys may be shouting in the class.